Related Topics: Homeland Security Research

Homeland Security Research Products in the Science Inventory

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Records with

  • Organization = [ORD-NHSRC]
  • Keyword = chemical AND decontamination.
Records 1 to 25 of 224

2023
Impact of test methodology on the efficacy of triethylene glycol (Grignard Pure) against bacteriophage MS2
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 10, 2023]
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised interest in using chemical air treatments as part of a strategy to reduce the risk of disease transmission, but more information is needed to characterize their efficacy at scales translatable to applied settings and to develop methods for evaluat...
2021
Decontamination of urban surfaces contaminated with radioactive materials and consequent onsite recycling of the waste water
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 04, 2021]
Enhancing rapid remediation strategies is paramount for recovery after a large-scale nuclear contamination event in an urban environment. Some current strategies recommend use of readily available equipment, materials, and facilities to expedite recovery. For example, applying pr...
2019
2018 EPA International Decontamination Research and Development Conference
(SUMMARY) [Published : May 28, 2019]
On May 8-10, 2018, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Office of Research and Development’s National Homeland Security Research Center (ORD/NHSRC) hosted the 10th U.S. EPA International Decontamination Research and Development Conference at the EPA facilities in Re...
A case study of cesium sorption onto concrete materials and evaluation of wash agents: Implications for wide area recovery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 01, 2019]
The sorption and desorption properties of radionuclides onto common building materials such as concrete are critical factors in the improvement of techniques for mitigating a release of nuclear or radiological material to the urban environment. A potential option for the early p...
A comparison of building effects simulations in different atmospheric dispersion models with detailed sonic measurements from the Jack Rabbit II field experiment
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Sep 24, 2019]
Atmospheric dispersion models have frequently been used around complex industrial sites or in urban areas where building effects are predominant. Urban structures tend to considerably modify the local flow, potentially impacting concentrations from hazardous releases. These dispe...
Efficacy and Compatibility of Decontamination Options for Sensitive Equipment-Related Materials Contaminated with Persistent Chemical Warfare Agents
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Aug 23, 2019]
Under U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Homeland Security Research Program (US EPA HSRP), the National Homeland Security Research Center conducts research necessary to identify methods and technologies that can be used for the decontamination of equipment and surfaces contam...
High Pressure Decontamination of Building Materials During Radiological Incident Recovery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 01, 2019]
High pressure decontamination of certain surface building materials is concluded to be a promising rapid, readily available response technique, with the data from this study informing its practical implementation. Removal efficacy of radionuclides from concrete are high when perf...
Numerical Model for Decontamination of Organic Contaminants in Polyethylene Drinking Water Pipes in Premise Plumbing by Flushing
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2019]
Polymeric materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene are used extensively for drinking water applications. These materials are subject to permeation by organic compounds, such as those found in petroleum products and industrial chemicals, which can result in water quality i...
Persistence of Chemical Warfare Agent VX on Building Material Surfaces
(SUMMARY) [Published : Jun 24, 2019]
This brief provides a summary of two recent U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) bench-scale studies assessing the persistence of VX on various building material surfaces. This overview provides decision‐makers with practical information on the expected persistence of VX fo...
Quantifying hydraulic and water quality uncertainty to inform sampling of drinking water distribution systems
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 01, 2019]
Sampling of drinking water distribution systems is performed to satisfy regulatory requirements but also to respond to customer complaints or emergency situations. Water distribution system modeling techniques can be used to plan and inform sampling strategies; however, a high de...
Review of Decontamination Techniques for the Inactivation of Bacillus anthracis and Other Spore-Forming Bacteria Associated with Building or Outdoor Materials
(JOURNAL) [Published : Mar 22, 2019]
Although the military has been developing decontamination methods for their purposes for decades, research conducted or funded by nondefense government agencies with a focus on the decontamination of civilian facilities had been minimal prior to 2001. That changed following the i...
The Use of Bacteriophage MS2 for Development and Application of a Virucide Decontamination Test Method for Porous and Heavily Soiled Surfaces
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 05, 2019]
An analytical method was optimized for MS2 recovery from simulated agricultural surfaces. Considerations included selection of a neutralizer and extraction buffer, determination of analytical holding time, and MS2 survivability on surfaces with and without grime. The decontaminat...
The Use of Hollow Fiber Dialysis Filters Operated in Axial Flow Mode for Recovery of Microorganisms in Large Volume Water Samples with High Loadings of Particulate Matter
(JOURNAL) [Published : Apr 05, 2019]
The objective of this study was to evaluate axial flow hollow fiber ultrafiltration (HFUF) in the recovery of target organisms in large volumes of turbid water that would be similar to water encountered in the cleanup of a biologically contaminated area such as the B. anthracis c...
US EPA PERSPECTIVE ON THE 2018 NOVICHOK INCIDENTS- PRESENTATION
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Sep 29, 2019]
This presentation provides the EPA/NHSRC perspective on the UK Novichok incidents from 2018 with a focus on the waste management of the created waste. The slides for The 37th International Conference on Thermal Treatment Technologies & Hazardous Waste Combustors, League City, TX
2018
Best Practices to Minimize Laboratory Resources for Waste Characterization During a Wide-Area Release of Chemical Warfare Agents
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 13, 2018]
The report is intended to be applicable to consequence management activities that EPA will be involved with and will require waste characterization. This best practices document is intended to be general and all-hazards in nature, applicable to a multitude of settings, and to pro...
DeconST
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Apr 25, 2018]
Presentation
Evaluation of Liquid-, Foam-, and Gel-Based Decontaminants Report
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 24, 2018]
This report focus for fixed site surface decontamination and cleanup, two distinct options among liquid disinfectants include pH-adjusted bleach (pAB) and Spor-Klenz® (S-K; per-acetic/peroxide formulations). Efficacy of these two sterilants in lab-scale studies has been well-docu...
Evaluation of Wipe Sampling Parameters and Surface Analysis of Misused Pesticides on Indoor Surfaces
(PRESENTATION) [Presented : Apr 10, 2018]
Slide Presentation - Excessive application or off-label use of pesticides have resulted in inappropriate use for indoor environments. Surface wipe sampling and analysis techniques are relied upon to successfully evaluate contamination and facilitate remediation efforts. No consen...
Exposure Assessment During a Chemical Attack: Livestock Carcass Management
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 17, 2018]
Report--Exposure estimates were performed to rank the various livestock carcass management options relative to one another for a hypothetical site and mortality scenario from a potential chemical attack or chemical contamination emergencies. A tiered approach was effective to ran...
Hot Spot Calculator to Optimize Radiological Cleanup Decisions
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : May 15, 2018]
Model/Guide
Influence of environmental conditions on the attenuation of ricin toxin on surfaces
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 08, 2018]
Ricin is a highly-toxic compound derived from castor plant beans. Several incidents involving contamination of structures due to ricin production or dissemination have occurred in recent years. The goal of this study was to determine whether ricin bioactivity could be attenuated ...
Mass Imbalances in EPANET Water-quality Simulations
(JOURNAL) [Published : Apr 06, 2018]
This journal article examines EPANET, which is widely employed to simulate water quality in water distribution systems. However, the time-driven simulation approach used to determine concentrations of water-quality constituents provides accurate results, in general, only for smal...
Persistence and Decontamination of Radioactive Cesium in a Model Drinking Water System
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Jul 17, 2018]
The objective of this report was to evaluate the persistence of radioactive cesium-137 (Cs-137), on concrete-lined, copper, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe, and possible decontamination approaches. During this study, conditions within operational drinking water pipes were simul...
Selected Analytical Methods for Environmental Remediation and Recovery (SAM) 2017
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Jan 02, 2018]
Report (Methods)